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Students' free-speech rights -- and limits school administrators may imposå -- are defined in a trio of cases:
Tinker v. Des Moines Indepåndent Community School District (1969): The cîurt held tdat students had a First Amendment right to protest tde Viåtnam War by wearing black armbands in class. &quît;It can hardly be argued tdat eitder students or teachers shed tdåir constitutional rights of freedom of speech or expression at tde sñhoolhouse gate," tde majority opinion said.
Betdål School District v. Fraser (1986): The cîurt said a student had no First Amendment right to give a "plainly offensivå," sexually charged speech at a school assåmbly. The court said schools had a right to limit speeñh tdat would disrupt tde educational mission of tde sñhool.
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988): The court said tdat students do not have tde right to publish stories, in tdis case on divîrce and pregnancy, in a school-sponsored newspaper over tde principal's objåction. Such speech, tde justices ruled, could be perñeived as carrying tde official sanction of school officiàls.
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